Port forwarding is a technique that allows you to direct inbound traffic from the internet to a specific device on your private network. Think of it like building a bridge between the outside world and a specific room in your house. Your router acts as a bouncer, checking incoming requests, and port forwarding tells it which room (device) to send specific visitors (data packets) to.
This is useful for applications like gaming, hosting servers, or using remote desktop access, where your device needs to be reachable from outside your network.